Seven questions before publication
- Who?Which people does the claim actually describe—age, generation, national origin, language, nativity, or another defined population?
- Where?Is the evidence national, state-level, local, or tied to one institution or platform?
- When?What period was measured, and could the conditions have changed?
- According to whom?Is the source primary, transparent, current, and competent to measure the question?
- What was measured?Behavior, preference, identity, access, opinion, spending, or something else?
- What does it not prove?Every source has limits. We state them before drawing conclusions.
- What decision is justified?The recommendation cannot be broader than the evidence supporting it.
Evidence has different jobs
A claim supported by an inspectable source.
What an identified person lived or observed; valuable, but not a population statistic.
What the evidence may mean, clearly separated from what it directly proves.
A question worth testing, not a conclusion dressed as certainty.
A useful gap that remains unresolved and is labeled as such.
A simple example
“Hispanics are one market” fails before analysis begins. The U.S. Census Bureau publishes detailed Hispanic-origin data precisely because the category contains many different populations. That does not tell us automatically how each group thinks or behaves; it tells us that aggregation needs a stated reason and a visible limit.
U.S. Census Bureau: accessing Detailed DHC-A data
